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彼狐倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參於庸類。
狐狸最聰明，可是牠報盡了再恢復人形，因為牠盡用鬼聰明、假聰明，這回再生做人怎麼樣啊？「參於庸類」：庸，就是庸俗、庸愚，很愚蠢，很愚癡的。你和他講什麼，講來講去他也不懂；越講他越糊塗，越講越糊塗，這就是這庸俗之類的。你若不講，他還懂一點道理；你給他一講道理，他更加糊塗了，什麼都不懂了，這庸類。
彼毒倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參合狠類。
「彼毒倫者」：就是毒蛇猛獸這些有毒的東西。牠報盡了。「酬足復形」：再轉世作人，雖然生到人道作人，但是牠這種的惡習不改，還是非常地狠戾。他作人是剛強、狠戾，說殺人就殺人，因為他就像那個毒蛇似的，也不管有道理沒道理，你妨礙他不妨礙他，他咬你一口，把你咬死再說。等他作了人的時候，他這種毒氣還不改，到時候還要害人，說殺人就殺人，非常地兇狠，絕對不講道理。為什麼他這樣呢？就因為他那毒蛇那個毒氣還沒有改變，那種毒的性情還沒改變。《楞嚴經》裡講的人性、物性，一切的道理，你要細研究起來，真是講得最最微細了。
彼蛔倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參合微類。
「彼蛔倫者」：這蛔就是肚裏頭。方才說那個蛔蟲在肚子裏邊會講話的，雖然牠是個蟲子，可是牠會講話，你說怪不怪？這一類的東西牠報盡壽終。「酬足復形」：他還完了他宿世所造的債，又來作人來了。雖然他作人，可是「參合微類」：他很微賤，非常地不值錢，盡給人家作工人，做沒有價值的事情，非常地卑鄙、下流、微賤，最不值錢這一類。
彼食倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參合柔類。
「食倫」：就是變成人家吃的這種眾生，等他這業障沒有了。「酬足復形」：再復回來。「生人道中」：作人時，可是他這個惡習還沒有改。「參合柔類」：他很柔軟、很柔順的，在世界上不能自立。無論什麼事情都要依賴人，作這一些個最柔弱，最不能自立的這種人，這是柔類。
彼服倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參合勞類。
作人的衣服，服從人這一類的眾生，他的業報完了，再生到人道裏邊，就「參合勞類」：盡做勞苦的工作，一天到晚都要做勞苦工作，這是這一類的眾生。
彼應倫者。酬足復形。生人道中。參於文類。
「應倫」：就是應候鳥、鴻雁之類的。牠這個業障消了，「酬足復形」了，再生人道裏，多作「參於文類」：文類，他小有文才，沒有大文才，有小小的文才，所以也好像很文雅似的。是文雅之士，但可不是有治國安邦的這種才能，他只小有才能。
彼休徵者。酬足復形。生人道中。參合明類。
「休徵」：就是吉祥的這一切的眾生。他「酬足復形，生人道中」，「參合明類」。這個「明」，不是真正的聰明，是有一些個世智辯聰；世間的智慧他有，這叫明類。
彼諸循倫。酬足復形。生人道中。參於達類。
「彼諸循倫」：順從人意的這一切的眾生。「酬足復形，生人道中，參於達類」：達，就是他很通達世故，明瞭人情；對人情也明白，可是他並不是真正地通古博今，一切的學問都有。他通達一些個皮毛，明白世故人情這一類的。
阿難。是等皆以宿債畢酬。複形人道。皆無始來。業計顛倒。相生相殺。不遇如來。不聞正法。於慶勞中。法爾輪轉。此輩名為可憐愍者。
「阿難，是等皆以宿債畢酬」：阿難，這一類的眾生都是以過去世的業債酬償完畢了。「復形人道」：又作人了。「皆無始來」：他們都是由無始劫以來。「業計顛倒」：造的顛倒惡業。「相生相殺」。「不遇如來」：他們不遇著佛。「不聞正法」：他們也不聞著正法。「於塵勞中」：永遠總在塵勞裏邊。「法爾輪轉」：就是這個樣子地輪轉。「此輩名為」：這一輩的眾生，佛說他們是真正可憐愍的。
待續
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Sutra:
When foxes have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are born as people who are simpletons.
Commentary:
When foxes have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are born as people who are simpletons. The fox is extremely intelligent. However, when his retribution ends and he returns as a human, he gets reborn this time as simpleton, since he always made use of his ghostly intelligence, his false intelligence. Simpletons are ignorant and dumb. You can say something to a simpleton over and over, yet he won't understand. The more you try to explain something to him, the more confused he gets. If you leave him alone, he gets along all right. However, reasoning with him or explaining principle only adds to his confusion. These simpletons can't understand at all.
Sutra:
When creatures of the venomous category have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are born as malicious people.
Commentary:
When creatures of the venomous category, including poisonous snakes and vicious beasts,
have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are born as malicious people. When they finish out their retribution, they come back in the world as people. Although they manage to get reborn in the human realm, they have not changed their bad habits. They are extremely cruel and fierce. As people, they are obstinate and vicious. If they say they are going to kill someone, they do just that. That's because they are still like poisonous snakes who take no heed of whether their actions are justifiable or not; whether someone is obstructing them or not; they will bite and kill you first and then see what happens. As people, their poisonous energies haven't changed. They act on impulse in killing people. They are terribly cruel and unreasonable. Their propensity to be poisonous hasn't changed.
The Shurangama Sutra's discussion of human nature and the nature of all creatures is an extremely detailed one. If you investigate it carefully, you see that it is all minutely set forth.
Sutra:
When tapeworms and their like have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are born as lowly people.
Commentary:
When tapeworms and their like have paid back their debts, they regain their original form. Do you remember how the tapeworms in the person's stomach were able to talk? Although they are worms, they have the capacity to speak. Pretty strange, wouldn't you say? When this kind of creature has paid back its debts from former lives, then it can become a person again. Although it becomes a person, such creatures
are born as lowly people. They become human beings who never amount to anything. They must work for others and do menial tasks. They are inferior, unimportant, and insignificant people.
Sutra:
When edible types of creatures have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as weak people.
Commentary:
When edible types of creatures, having gotten rid of their karmic obstacles by having
paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as weak people. They become people again, but because they have not changed their bad habits from the past, they are weak. They are very easy to manipulate. They cannot stand on their own and manage their own lives. In all that they do, they have to rely on others for support. They are cowardly and meek, unable to be independent.
Sutra:
When creatures that are used for clothing and service have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as people who do hard labor.
Commentary:
When creatures that are used for clothing and service have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as people. Living beings whose bodies or by-products are used for people's apparel or who must live a life of obedience and service to a human being, eventually pay back their debts and can be reborn as people. But when they get born in the human realm, it is among those
who do hard labor. Day in and day out they must toil in that way.
Sutra:
When creatures that migrate have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as literary people.
Commentary:
When creatures that migrate, such as wild geese and ducks and all other migratory birds,
have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as literary people. But their literary skills are not great. They have a little ability, that's all. They appear to be cultured, but they don't have exceptional talent.
Sutra:
When efficacious creatures have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as intelligent people.
Commentary:
When efficacious creatures have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as intelligent people. Efficacious creatures are auspicious beings. They regain their intelligence as humans; however, they're not truly smart. Their intelligence is a worldly intelligence and an argumentative skill.
Sutra:
When domestic animals have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as sophisticated people.
Commentary:
When domestic animals have paid back their debts, they regain their original form and are reborn as sophisticated people. People like this comprehend what is going on. They understand social graces. But they do not have a genuine and comprehensive understanding that penetrates the past and present. They are not that sophisticated. They simply attain a superficial kind of success in dealing with the world.
Sutra:
Ananda, these are all beings that have finished paying back former debts and are born again in the human realm. They are involved in a
beginningless scheme of karma and delusion and spend their lives killing and being killed by one another. They do not get to meet the Thus Come Ones or hear the Proper Dharma. They just abide in wearisome mundane defilements, passing through cycles of rebirth according to methods appropriate to them. Beings like these can truly be called pitiful!
Commentary:
Ananda, these are all beings that have finished paying back former debts. These beings have been repaying what they owe and now, having finished doing that, they
are born again in the human realm. They are involved in a beginningless scheme of karma and delusion. They keep creating upside-down evil karma by involving themselves in killing and being killed. They
spend their lives killing and being killed by one another. They do not get to meet the Thus Come Ones or hear the Proper Dharma. They never encounter Buddhas or the Proper Dharma.
They just abide in wearisome mundane defilements forever,
passing through cycles of rebirth according to methods appropriate to them. "According to methods appropriate to them" describes the way in which the cycles of rebirth occur, indicating that they happen exactly as they should.
Beings like these can truly be called pitiful! The Buddha says such beings are truly pathetic.
To be continued
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