前期提示：二者貪習交計，發於相吸。三者慢習交陵，發於相恃。
四者。瞋習交衝。發於相忤。忤結不息。心熱發火。鑄氣為金。如是故有。刀山鐵橛。劍樹劍輪。斧鉞鎗鋸。如人銜冤。殺氣飛動。二習相擊。故有宮割。斬斫剉刺。槌擊諸事。是故十方。一切如來。色目瞋恚。名利刀劍。菩薩見瞋。如避誅戮。
「四者瞋習」：瞋就是瞋恨這種習氣。「交衝」「發於相忤」：就是你對我不對了，我對你也不對了，這是忤。「忤結不息」：這種杵結不停止。「心熱發火」：心就覺得熱，發一種火－－無明火。「鑄氣為金」：發火就鑄成一種氣，變成金，很厲害的。「如是故有，刀山鐵橛」：因為鑄氣為金就有刀山地獄、鐵橛地獄、劍樹地獄、又有劍輪地獄、斧鉞地獄、鎗鋸地獄，種種的地獄。「如人銜冤」：好像人互相有冤仇。「殺氣飛動」：這一種殺氣飛動了。
「二習相擊」：這兩種習氣又相擊。「故有宮割」：宮割地獄就是做太監了。「斬斫」：斬就殺了；斫，或者把腿、手給剁去了這叫斫。把骨頭給砸碎了這也叫斫。「剉刺」：用剉銼，用刺。「槌擊諸事」：槌擊地獄諸事。
「是故十方，一切如來」：所以十方一切諸佛如來。「色目瞋恚」：給這個瞋恚起個名字，叫「利刀劍」：就等於利刀、利劍一樣。「菩薩見瞋」：菩薩對這個瞋恚「如避誅戮」：就好像被人要殺了一樣。
五者詐習交誘。發於相調。引起不住。如是故有。繩木絞校。如水浸田。草木生長。二習相延。故有杻械。枷鎖鞭杖。撾棒諸事。是故十方。一切如來。色目奸偽。同名讒賊。菩薩見詐。如畏豺狼。
第五者詐。詐就是欺詐，也就是虛偽。「詐習交誘」：交誘就是你欺騙我，我欺騙你；你誘詐我，我誘詐你。「發於相調」：互相這麼調換，你用一個手段來欺騙我，我也用手段欺騙你。「引起不住」：引起這種欺詐的行為而不停止。「如是故有」：所以就有這個「繩木絞校」：繩，就是這一條繩子；木，這木頭；絞，用木頭繩子絞死這個人。這個也是一種地獄。好像在水裡頭浸這個田一樣，「草木生長」：也就有草木生出來了。
「二習相延」：過去生的這種欺詐的習氣，和現在生這個欺詐的習氣，互相連延在一起。所以就有「杻械枷鎖」：杻，是手上戴著東西；這械，也都是刑具；枷，在脖子上戴的；鎖也是鎖到脖子上。枷是兩塊木頭做的；鎖，是一條鎖鏈鎖在脖子上。這種都是刑具。戴上這個刑具你就不能逃走了。「鞭」：就是用鞭打。「杖」：是用棍子打。「撾」：也是用一條棍棒來打人的這種刑具。
「諸事」：這種種的事情。這種種的事情從什麼地方來的呢？都是從欺詐那個地方來的。因為這個，所以十方一切的如來，看著這個虛詐的奸偽，這種的行為「同名讒賊」：同名叫讒賊。什麼讒呢？這個讒就是讒言。就是說話說得不實在，這叫進讒言。「菩薩見詐」：菩薩看見詐。「如畏豺狼」：好像就看見豺狼那麼恐怖。
六者誑習交欺。發於相罔。誣罔不止。飛心造姦。如是故有。塵土屎尿。穢污不淨。如塵隨風。各無所見。二習相加。故有沒溺。騰擲飛墮。漂淪諸事。是故十方。一切如來。色目欺誑。同名劫殺。菩薩見誑。如踐蛇虺。
「六者」就是「誑習交欺」，這誑就說的誑語，盡說假話。交欺，也是你打妄語欺騙我；我打妄語就欺騙你。「發於相罔」：罔，也就是不直，說假話。「誣罔不止」：你誣賴我；我誣賴你，這麼互相誣賴不停止。「飛心造奸」：於是乎，就一天到晚想著作奸－－造奸犯科，盡做這個犯罪的事情。「如是故有」：因為像這樣子所以就有「塵土屎尿」，又有塵土地獄，又有屎尿地獄。「穢污不淨」：這個地獄裡污垢不淨。「如塵隨風」：這種業障也就像好像這個塵，隨風飄蕩。「各無所見」：雖然是有塵，可是你看起來，看不清楚哪個是塵。也是過去生的習氣和現在生的習氣相加－－連到一起。所以就有「沒溺」：淹死。「騰擲」：有把他扔到很高，然後再掉掉下來。「飛墮，漂淪」：飛，把他扔到虛空，然後再墮落下來；漂，或者在海裡頭就漂流著。「諸事」，這些個事情。
「是故十方」：因為這個，所以十方一切的如來，看見相欺騙的這種行為，「同名劫殺」：他這個名字呢，就等於打劫去殺人一樣。「菩薩見誑」：菩薩見你這個打妄語的人哪。「如踐蛇虺」：就好像踩到那個毒蛇上了。這個虺也是個蛇的名字，因為牠也很毒的。所以這誑也是要不得的。
待續 |
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Sutra text from last issue: The second cause consists of habits of greed and intermingled scheming which give rise to a suction. The third cause consists of habits of arrogrance and resulting friction which give rise to mutual intimidation.
Sutra:
The fourth consists of habits of hatred that provoke each other causing mutual defiance to arise. When this defiance pressures one without cease, one’s heart becomes so hot it catches fire, and the molten vapors turn into metal. From that, the Mountain of Knives, the Iron Cudgel, the Tree of Swords, the Wheel of Swords, Axes and Halberds, and Spears and Saws. It is like when a person meets a mortal enemy and the urge to kill surges forth so that he is roused to action. Becaue these two habits clash with one another, there come into being castration and hacking, beheading and mutilation, filing and sticking, flogging and beating, and other such experiences. Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions look upon hatred and name it ‘sharp knives and swords.’ Bodhisattvas avoid hatred as they would their own execution.
Commentary:
The fourth consists of habits of hatred. These habits of anger and rage provoke each other causing mutual defiance to arise. This defiance is over how you are right and I am wrong or I am right and you are wrong. When this defiance pressures one without cease. This kind of pressure beats away at us endlessly. One’s heart becomes so hot it catches fire. Our heart feels so hot it’s as if it were on fire with the fire of ignorance. The molten vapors turn into metal. It’s terrible. From that, the Mountain of Knives. Because the molten vapors turn into metal, the Hell of the Mountain of Knives comes into being, as does the Hell of the Iron Cudgel, the Hell of the Tree of Swords, the Hell of the Wheel of Swords, the Hell of Axes and Halberds, and the Hell of Spears and Saws, as well as others. It is like when a person meets a mortal enemy. These two people harbor resentment toward each other. And the urge to kill surges forth so that he is roused to action. The intense wish to kill takes over.
Because these two habits clash with one another, there come into being castration and hacking. This refers to the Hell of Castration and Hacking, and it is experienced by eunuchs. Beheading and mutilation: one is killed by having one’s head chopped off or maimed by having one’s legs or arms severed. Grinding one’s bones is also a form of mutilation. Filing and sticking is torture inflicted with files or thorns. Flogging and beating, and other such experiences.
Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions look upon hatred and name it ‘sharp knives and swords.’ They say that hatred is the same as a keen knife or a sharp sword. Bodhisattvas avoid hatred as they would their own execution. Bodhisattvas regard hatred as being like someone getting killed.
Sutra:
The fifth consists of habits of deception and misleading involvements which give rise to mutual guile. When such maneuvering continues without cease, it produces the ropes and wood of a gallows for hanging. It is like how grass and trees grow in a flooded field. Because the two habits perpetuate one another, there come into being handcuffs and fetters, cangues and locks, whips and clubs, sticks and cudgels, and other such experiences. Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions look upon deception and name it a ‘treacherous crook.’ Bodhisattvas fear deception as they would a savage wolf.
Commentary:
The fifth consists of habits of deception. Deception means cheating and being phony. Deception and misleading involvements. These mean that you cheat me and I cheat you. You deceive me and I deceive you. That gives rise to mutual guile. You trick me and I trick you. Such maneuvering continues without cease. Maneuvering refers to endless ways of behaving that deceive people. That behavior produces the ropes and wood of a gallows for hanging. A gallows is composed of rope and wood and is used to hang people to death. This is also one kind of hell. It is like how grass and trees grow in a flooded field. When a field is flooded with water, plants grow prolifically.
Because the two habits perpetuate one another. Past habits of deception and present habits of deception cambine and grow upon each other. And so there come into being handcuffs and fetters, cangues and locks. Handcuffs are put on the wrists. A cangue is worn on the neck. Whips and clubs, sticks and cudgels, and other such experiences. Whips beat, clubs batter. Sticks and cudgels are instruments of torture. There are many such experiences. Where do these experiences come from? They come from deception. These experiences spring from having been deceptive.
Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions look upon deception, this behavior that cheats others, and name it a ‘treacherous crook.’ Treachery includes not speaking truthfully or using flattery. Bodhisattvas fear deception as they would a savage wolf. Bodhisattvas look upon deception and find it as terrifying as a wolf.
Sutra:
The sixth consists of habits of lying combined with continual fraudulence which give rise to mutual cheating. When false accusations continue without cease, one becomes adept at corruption. From this there come into being dust and dirt, excrement and urine, filth, stench, and impurities. It is like the obscuring of everyone’s vision when the dust is stirred up by the wind. Because these two habits augment one another, there come into being sinking and drowning, tossing and pitching, flying and falling, floating and submerging, and other such experiences. Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions look upon lying and name it ‘robbery and murder.’odhisattvas regard lying as they would treading on a venomous snake.
Commentary:
The sixth consists of habits of lying. This habit is to not tell the truth in order to deceive others. You lie to me, cheating me; I lie to you, cheating you. This combines with continual fraudulence which give rise to mutual cheating. This means not being straight. It means saying things that are not so. When false accusations continue without cease. You falsely implicate me and I falsely implicate you. We implicate each other endlessly. One becomes adept at corruption. All day long we think of ways to be cunning and crafty. We are treacherous and always find ways to break the law, continually creating offenses. From this there come into being dust and dirt, excrement and urine. There is the Hell of Dust and Dirt and the Hell of Excrement and Urine. Filth, stench, and impurities. In these hells everything is filthy and defiled. It is like the obscuring of everyone’s vision when the dust is stirred up by the wind. It’s like the karmic obstacle of a dust storm. When the dust is stirred up, no one can see clearly. The vision becomes impaired because of the dust.
Because these two habits augment one another. Past habits combine with present habits and there come into being sinking and drowning, tossing and pitching, flying and falling. Flying means you are pitched into space and then you fall. Floating. Perhaps you have to float in an ocean. And there is submerging, and other such experiences.
Therefore, the Thus Come Ones of the ten directions. When they see this mutual cheating going on, they look upon lying and name it ‘robbery and murder.’ They say it’s just like doing that to someone: robbing and killing them. Bodhisattvas regard lying, not telling the truth, as they would treading on a venomous snake. They say someone like that is venomous. Thus, we know that lying is something we should not do.
To be continued |
