第六度，是般若波羅蜜。
這個「般若」也是梵語，翻譯本來的意思就叫「智慧」，為什麼不把它翻譯過來，就說智慧？因為這個「智慧」是很普通的，「般若」呢？是很尊貴，這「尊重不翻」，因為尊重這般若這個音，覺得很妙的。
又這個般若有「多含」的意思，不是一種意思，所以又不翻。什麼是多含呢？因為這個般若有三種意義，第一就是文字般若。文字，就好像一切經典、文章，這都可以說是文字般若，這是佛所說的經典，可以說是文字般若；以一般世俗的書類，不可以稱文字般若。
由文字般若而起觀照的般若。你讀經典就生出一種觀照，由這個觀照般若，就達到實相的般若。這個實相般若，本來是無相的，可是無所不相；它沒有相，但是還沒有一個沒有相，所以謂之「實相」。這個實相就是非空非有。文字般若這是個「有」，觀照般若這是個「空」，由「有」而達「空」，由「空」而又達到「非空非有」你能了悟這個非空非有的境界，這就實相般若。所以有這三種的意思，我們就保留著它不翻譯。
這般若，是個智慧。你要有智慧，就有般若；沒有智慧呢？那就是愚癡了。愚癡的人就沒有般若，沒有智慧；有智慧，就沒有愚癡。說是：「我這回呀，我很憂愁了，因為我很愚癡，沒有般若了。」你也不要憂愁，你知道你愚癡不是嗎？啊！那就是有般若了。就怕你不知道你本來是愚癡，以為自己很有智慧了，那就是變成愚癡了，那是真愚癡。為什麼呢？你沒有自知之明。你有自知之明了，這就是般若了，就是智慧了。你今天有自知之明，今天有智慧；你明天有自知之明，你明天有智慧；你天天有自知之明，你就天天有智慧了。所以你不要憂愁你沒有智慧、沒有般若，只怕你不知道，你若知道，就是般若。這個般若又從什麼地方生出來？就是從愚癡那兒而來的。你若沒有愚癡，也沒有般若了。所以你知道你有愚癡了，嘿！那就是般若現出來了，般若就跑出來了。你看！就這麼妙，所以這妙不可言。
本來這個妙法，我不能給你講的，不過我看你們現在的機緣都差不多了，講出來也不要緊了。為什麼？機緣差不多了，現在講到這個般若，是第六度般若波羅蜜。要是差的時候，我就不會講，因為差不多了，所以要講了。
你看前幾天講那個忍辱，就有好幾個忍不了了，就退回去了。退回怎麼樣呢？說「講忍辱，我就要發脾氣，不講的時候，我想不起來發脾氣，還可以忍一忍；您一講這個忍辱，我就要發脾氣。」不講精進呢？他還不退；一講精進呢？要 retreat，就要向後退了。¨ 那麼今天講這個參禪。呵！不講參禪呢？他不亂；一講參禪呢？他就亂來了，就亂上了。現在講般若，不講般若，他還沒有愚癡；一講般若，這愚癡就現出來了。為什麼不講般若，你這個愚癡沒有現出來？那時候因為沒有照妖鏡，沒有這個鏡子，所以你愚癡你也不知道。現在用鏡子一照，「喔！這個愚癡是這樣子的啊？」以前你也不是能忍辱，因為你沒有比較，忍不忍你都不覺得。現在一講這個忍辱，也是用這個鏡子一照，知道是不能忍啦！以前沒有講精進的時候，自己懶惰一點也不覺得！這一講精進，「啊！原來我是這麼懈怠！」所以你現在就知道自己愚癡了，那你就有一線的光明了，就生出智慧來。
待續 |
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The sixth perfection is Prajna. Prajna is Sanskrit and means, generally, wisdom. Wisdom is a fairly common word. Prajna is an honored term, and so it is not translated. It is a miraculous kind of wisdom. Also, it includes several meanings, and so it is not translated. Prajna is of three kinds:
1. Literary Prajna. This refers to the wisdom contained in the Sutras spoken by the Buddha and their commentaries. It doesn’t refer to ordinary worldly literature. Literary wisdom gives rise to,
2. Contemplative Prajna. After reading the Sutras, one then contemplates their meanings. This type of Prajna then leads one to,
3. Real Mark Prajna. Real Mark Prajna is without a mark. But there’s nothing not marked by it. It has no mark, and it is also without the mark of having no mark! The Real Mark is neither existent nor non-existent. Literary Prajna is existent. Contemplative Prajna is non-existent. Real Mark is neither existent nor non-existent. From existence one penetrates to non-existence, and from non-existence one arrives at neither existence nor non-existence. If you can comprehend the realm of neither existence nor non-existence, you have attained Real Mark Prajna.
Because Prajna has these three meanings, we do not translate it. If you have wisdom, you will have Prajna. If you have no wisdom, you’re stupid. Stupid people lack wisdom. Wise people are devoid of stupidity.
“I’ m worried,” you say, “because I’ m really stupid. I don’t have any Prajna."
Don’t worry. To know that you are stupid is just the beginning of Prajna. It’s just to be feared that you don’t know that you are stupid. If you think that you are wise and that you have a lot of Prajna, then you are stupid. Why? Because you don’t understand yourself. If you understand yourself, you have Prajna. If you understand yourself today, then today you have wisdom. If you understand yourself tomorrow, then tomorrow you have wisdom. If you understand yourself every day, then every day you have wisdom. So don’t be afraid of not having wisdom. Just be afraid that you won’t realize that you don’t have any wisdom! Where does wisdom come from, anyway? It comes from stupidity. If you weren’t stupid, you couldn’t become wise.
If you know that you are stupid, that means your wisdom is starting to manifest. It’s just that wonderful, that ineffably wonderful. Basically, I can’t explain wonderful Dharma to you, but now I see that you have developed to the point that it’s okay to tell you. Since we have arrived at the discussion of Prajna, you are no doubt wise enough to hear it!
A few days ago when I talked about patience, a lot of people couldn’t be patient! Instead, they got angry! Before I talked about it, it didn’t occur to them to get angry and they were getting along alright, taking things in stride. But as soon as I lectured on patience, they got impatient.
Before I explained vigor, nobody retreated. Once I lectured on it, people started to retreat! Before I talked about Chan, people weren’t too scattered. As soon as I discussed it, however, people started getting confused. Before I talked about Prajna, people weren’t stupid. As soon as I talked about it, their stupidity was revealed! Actually, it’s not that the stupidity wasn’t there, but that you had no mirror to see it in. My explanations are like a mirror and so you say, “Oh, I’m so stupid!” Before, you didn’t know that you were impatient, because you had nothing to compare yourself with. Now, hearing the discussion of patience and looking at yourself in that “mirror,” you know that you aren’t patient. Before you heard about vigor, you could take it easy and not feel too bad about it. Now that you know what vigor is, you realize how lax you have been. So now if you are stupid, in that one clear thought, your wisdom manifests!
To be continue
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