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前言
所謂科學是因科學改造了人類生活條件，促進了世界文明和發展，追求真理具體實踐，效果顯著，受到人類的稱讚，所以這本小冊子始終根據科學的態度、實事求是的精神來描寫。
哲學的任務是對整個世界的認識，和人類世界觀的探討。它的根本問題是遺留下的「思惟對存在，精神對物質的關係」問題。自古以來，世界無數的哲學家和派別，發表了議論很多，根據這些議論，歸納而為兩大派，凡斷定精神是世界本原第一性的是「唯心主義」，凡認為物質是世界本原第一性的是「唯物主義」。
真理是絕對的、全宇宙的、永恆的。客觀的、一元的、無階級性的、存在的實體（實際）。為此，哲學必須追究絕對真理，惟有絕對真理能解宇宙和世界問題，惟有認識宇宙和世界，才能找到絕對真理。現代人類多數認為世界沒有絕對真理，或不知有絕對真理。有人說：「相對真理的總和就是絕對真理。」其實相對真理總和後的結果仍是相對的。那麼真的沒有絕對真理嗎？不。絕對真理是有的，惟有絕對真理才能解宇宙觀、世界觀、人生觀，及古今中外的哲學家們的論斷及遺留的問題。故此，想試論總結有史以來哲學前輩的論斷，和剖析世界的自然現象的實蹟，以及人類生活過程中的實踐，實事求是地尋找絕對真理。在這種森羅萬象義理玄淵的大自然中，總結這千頭萬緒的事事物物，頗感知識不夠、思慮不足、詞彙不全，只能用通俗語言多舉事例譬喻。有時解釋超過本文，甚至脫離系列，為了便於說明，因此利用問答方式，這就難免贅語連篇，尚希讀者見諒，誠懇請求讀者相助，多提寶貴意見，以臻完善。
文中引用佛陀的語言很多，可能引起讀者對佛教的窺視心理，故而特設附錄專述佛教梗概，以供參考。更請佛教高僧大德、四眾各位，切實批評指教，以免魚目混珠。
岳興華1992年8月于北京
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Preface
Science is so-called because Science has changed Man's living conditions, promoted the development of world civilization, and sought the real practice of the Truth. Its effects are outstanding and have received people's praise. This pamphlet was written with a scientific attitude and objective spirit.
The function of Philosophy is to understand the whole world, and investigate the world views of Mankind. Its basic questions concern "the relationship of thought to existence, and of the spiritual to the material." Since ancient times, countless philosophers and sects in the world have formulated many theories, which can be divided into two main schools of thought. Those which consider spirituality the primary nature of the source of the world fall under Idealism. Those that define matter as the primary nature of the source in the world fall under Materialism.
The truth is the absolute, universal, eternal, objective, monistic, classless and existent reality. Therefore, philosophy must penetrate to the absolute truth. Only the absolute truth can resolve the questions of the universe and the world; and only by knowing about the universe and the world, can one find that absolute truth. For the most part, modem people consider there to be no such absolute truth, or are not aware that there is absolute truth. Someone said, "The summation of the relative truth is the absolute truth." Actually the result of this summation is still relative. Then, is there really no absolute truth? No. There is absolute truth. Only the absolute truth can solve the questions in the Universal View, World View, Life View and the controversies of philosophers of the ancient and the present, East and West. Therefore, the author has attempted to comment on the dialectic of past philosophers, to analyze the reality of natural phenomena and of the process of human life, and to search for absolute truth by objective methods. In trying to draw general conclusions about the vast cosmos of myriad phenomena and subtle and deep principles, I have always considered myself lacking in knowledge, imperfect in thought, and deficient in expression. Thus, I can only use common language and frequent examples and analogies. Sometimes the commentary may exceed the text and even depart from the outline. To facilitate explanation, I used a question-answer format that has resulted in repetitious statements. The reader's forgiveness and valued comments are requested to make this book more complete and satisfactory.
Since many quotes from the Buddha are used in the text, the readers may formulate a narrow conception of Buddhism. Therefore, an appendix focusing on Buddhism has been included for reference. The criticism and comments of the Venerable Monks and Virtuous Ones and the fourfold assembly are sincerely requested to prevent the author from passing off fish-eyes for pearls.
Ywe Syin-hwa October 1992 Beijing
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